Perfect Search engine caching & indexing

I am working SEO over 2 years and still confused about search engines working method on caching and indexing. Even i will try for increased the visiting rate of caching for my website but conclusion is not in my favor. Either issue with same with any blogging site and articles site, i like to cache immediately but its take long period for cached and my SEO fall down.

Some expertise please come and deliver few awesome ideas on my issue.

Thanks.